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Democratic decentralization is basically meant for sharing administrationand weifare policies at local level. Activation of local institutions of governancein the sprawling rural hinterland and in the expanding urban areas,... is the most necessary input into the process of grassroots democracy12 . Decentralization process is becoming universally acceptableprinciple of governance vvhich get more rooted into the constitutional systems.Decentralization is taken to mean by a central ruling group withother groups, each having authority within a specifıc area of the state. Atte level of 'norms' it indicates the existence of formal political structures,each covering a defıned area, representing local interests as well as the interestof allocating power is protected by formal as well as normativerules vvhich are accepted by the centre. At the level of 'collectivities androles' it means units of local government in vvhich formal decision makingis primarily exercised by locally representative councillors or offıcials13 . On the other hand, autonomy of federal units is one of the fundamentalprinciples of federal governance. The Indian Constitutionmentions categorically the povvers, rights and obligations of tvvo layers ofpolity - national/central and state/regional in vvhich they operate vvithoutany interference or command. Particularly in India, autonomy of federalunits has a great relevance to Indian federal democracy. Such arrangementsin polity have been very useful for bridging gap betvveen state andsociety. Both Turkey and India have a substantial experience of localgovernment to facilitate democratic decentralization.TurkeyHaving its roots in the Ottoman Empire, local self government vvasenvisaged under the Village Lavv (1930). Turkey has basically three typesof local authorities, namely village administrations, municipal administrationsand provincial local administrations. The provincial administrationLavv is based on a mixed system of shared povver structure betvveen theGovernor appointed by the Central government, and the Provincial Councilelected by local residents in the province. Jurisdiction of municipal administrationis limited to urban areas — ali provincial centre tovvns anddistrict tovvns (including villages) vvith a population of more than 2000inhabitants. Village administrations have jurisdiction vvithin the boundariesof their villages. Municipalities seem to be given more specifıc andnumerous duties than the others. A fourth category of local authority issometimes mentioned as the urban "precinct" (mahalle) administrationsimilar to those of village administrations. Election of local policymakingorgans, i.e., the council of elders, the municipal councils and thegeneral councils of provinces, are ali based on equal and universal suffrage.12. Rasheeduddin Khan, Federal India : A Designfor Change, Dew Delhi, Vikas Publications,1992, p. 58.13. Philip Mawhood, ed., Local Government in the Third World : The Experience ofTropical Africa, Chishester, 1983, p. 4662