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venation. But they did not do it alone. The vvorld assisted them. Americansalone egave more than $100 million to Armenians, creating orphanages,schools, agricultural programs, and industries. The Greeks, vvho acceptedgreat numbers of refugees, but whose land had not been destroyedin the vvars, received donations from America, Svvitzerland, Holland,Britain, and other countries. Loans to Greece at very favorable terms (onefor $60 million, another for $45 million) built water works, drainedsvvamps, and reclaimed land. A further $95 million in American governmentaland private business funding aided Greece and its industrial development.Europe and America vvere vvilling to aid the Greeks and the Armenians,and it vvas right to do so. Who vvas vvilling to help the Turks, vvhosuffered as much and more? No one. The Turks vvere on their ovvn. Nevertheless,Atatürk succeeded. The Turks succeeded, and survived, on theirovvn.SOURCESİsmet Paşa (İnönü), "Memorandum Respecting Turkish Claims Against Greece", Lausanne,20 January 1923, Public Record Office, F.O. 371-9061, no. E969.Justin McCarthy, "American Commissions to Anatolia and the Report of Niles and Sutherland",Proceedings of the Eleventh Congress of the Türk Tarih Kurumu, Ankara,1994., Death and Exile, Princeton, Nevv Jersey, 1995., Muslims and Minorities, New York, 1983., "The Population of Ottoman Europe", Illrd Congress on the Social and EconomicHistory of Turkey, İstanbul, 1990, pp. 275-298.Türkiye Cumhuriyeti, Baş Vekâlet, İstatistik Umum Müdürlüğü, 28 Teşrinievel 1927Umumî Nüfus Tahriri, Ankara, 1929.Türkiye Cumhuriyeti, Başbakanlık, Devlet İstatistik Enstitüsü, Osmanlı Dönemi Tarımİstatistikleri, 1909, 1913 ve 1914, hz. Prof. Tevfik güran, Ankara, 1997., Osmanlı Sanayii 1913, 1915 Yılları Sanayi İstatistik, hz. Prof. A. Gündüz Ökçün,Ankara, 1997.514