04.06.2013 Views

A. La corte de Alfonso VIII - Gonzalo de Berceo

A. La corte de Alfonso VIII - Gonzalo de Berceo

A. La corte de Alfonso VIII - Gonzalo de Berceo

SHOW MORE
SHOW LESS

Create successful ePaper yourself

Turn your PDF publications into a flip-book with our unique Google optimized e-Paper software.

Gautier <strong>de</strong> Châtillon captura en su obra el sabor <strong>de</strong> la épica clásica usando una prosodia y<br />

dicción relativamente puras, utilizando alusiones clásicas y lenguaje épico, y evitando la<br />

rima. 76 Los versos <strong>de</strong> Gautier están llenos <strong>de</strong> efectivas reminiscencias <strong>de</strong> los poetas<br />

clásicos, especialmente Virgilio, Ovidio, y Lucano.<br />

<strong>La</strong> popularidad <strong>de</strong> este sorpren<strong>de</strong>ntemente erudito poema durante la Edad Media está atestiguada<br />

por la existencia<br />

<strong>de</strong> numerosos manuscritos, y por su condición <strong>de</strong> libro <strong>de</strong> texto en numerosas<br />

universida<strong>de</strong>s medievales (Cary 63).<br />

Por lo<br />

que respecta al contenido <strong>de</strong>l Alexandreis, Châtillon, aunque se basa<br />

principalmente en Quinto Curcio, disminuye<br />

la crítica <strong>de</strong> origen peripatético que contenía la<br />

historia latina (Michael, The Treatment 18). En efecto, existía una tradición, especialmente<br />

fomentada por la escuela aristotélica, aunque también por los estoicos, <strong>de</strong> criticar el carácter <strong>de</strong><br />

Alejandro Magno. Châtillon, sin embargo, <strong>de</strong>cidió ignorar gran parte <strong>de</strong>l peso <strong>de</strong> esta corriente a<br />

la hora <strong>de</strong> redactar su Alexandreis. Cary, el más importante estudioso <strong>de</strong> la recepción medieval<br />

<strong>de</strong> la figura <strong>de</strong> Alejandro Magno, se hace eco <strong>de</strong> ello:<br />

Gautier ma<strong>de</strong> his Alexan<strong>de</strong>r into a godlike hero whom his restless and unquenchable<br />

spirit drove on across the world from battle to battle, from victory to victory. The spell of<br />

Alexan<strong>de</strong>r's conquests had fallen upon Gautier, and he saw in him the i<strong>de</strong>al of what a<br />

warrior should be. The ambition that was reproved in the moralists became in the<br />

Alexandreis a necessary adjunct of magnanimity, the incitement<br />

to glory that was ever<br />

present in Alexan<strong>de</strong>r's mind.<br />

And yet Gautier relied upon Curtius for his source; and Curtius followed the<br />

Peripatetics so that his narrative was full of reproach of Alexan<strong>de</strong>r. Gautier incorporated<br />

something of this adverse criticism in his poem [. . .] but the <strong>de</strong>tails of the Peripatetic<br />

attack that are given by Curtius he <strong>de</strong>liberately and regularly suppressed. The mur<strong>de</strong>r of<br />

Callisthenes, the <strong>de</strong>struction<br />

of Persepolis and other events which blacken Alexan<strong>de</strong>r's<br />

character in Curtius are here reduced to a few lines or altogether exclu<strong>de</strong>d from the text.<br />

(Cary 173)<br />

Gautier hizo <strong>de</strong> su Alejandro un héroe cuasi-divino, conducido a través <strong>de</strong>l mundo, <strong>de</strong><br />

batalla en batalla, por su incansable e insaciable carácter. El hechizo <strong>de</strong> las conquistas <strong>de</strong><br />

76<br />

Como sabemos, la rima no era un recurso poético usado sistemáticamente en la poesía clásica, al contrario <strong>de</strong> lo<br />

que ocurría con la naciente literatura romance.

Hooray! Your file is uploaded and ready to be published.

Saved successfully!

Ooh no, something went wrong!