Abstracts Book - IMRC 2018

• SD4-P006
CHARACTERIZATION OF NOPAL NANOPARTICLES BY MEANS OF
SPECTROSCOPY AND ELECTRON MICROSCOPY TECHNIQUES
Jocelyn Madrigal Acevedo 1 , Jose Jorge Chanona Pérez 1 , Leticia Manuel Apolinar 2 , Juan Ernesto
Neri Cruz 3 , Martha Quetzalli Marín Bustamante 1 , Elier Ekberg Neri Torres 4
1 Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Biochemical Engineering, Mexico. 2 IMSS, Medical
Research Unit in Endocrine Diseases, Mexico. 3 Escuela Superior de Física y Matemáticas IPN,
physics, Mexico. 4 Universidad Iberoamericana, Chemical, Industrial and Food Engineering,
Mexico.
High impact milling is an attractive method to obtain biological nanoparticles,
without using chemical reagents and with minimal damage to the bioactive
substances contained in the material. Nanoparticulation process increase the
surface area, promote the availability and reactivity of the bioactive compounds
contain in the biomaterials. This cause a faster diffusion and assimilation of
bioactive compounds thorough of target organs and improve its functionality
and nutraceutical activity. Nopal nanoparticles were obtained from commercial
powder manufactured by local company of nopal products (INMA). The nopal
powder was milling during 2 h in a planetary ball mill. After milling, particle size,
morphology and structure of the INMA powder and nanoparticles were
analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XDR), high resolution scanning electron
microscopy (HRSEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The analysis
by XRD showed that crystallinity index of nanoparticle decreased slightly (63 ±
0.02%), regard commercial powder (64 ± 0.03%). In HRSEM it was observed that
the INMA powder had a particle size greater than 10 μm and the microanalysis
by EDS showed that it contained trace elements such as Al, Ca and K. The
nanoparticles powder tended to agglomerate due to shear effect that increased
the cohesive forces caused by Van der Waals bonds. The agglomerates observed
under HRSEM are composed by nanoparticles around 21.5 ± 7 nm and the same
elements were detected as in the INMA powder, except Mg that was detected in
the microanalysis of nopal nanoparticles, the presence of Mg could be
associated with the chlorophyll contained in the nopal powder. This suggests
that nanoparticulation further the exposition of the other elements as Mg and
they could be more available and increase the bioactive effect of nopal powder.
In conclusion, the high impact milling allowed obtaining nopal nanoparticles in
sufficient quantity to perform subsequent biological studies. XRD, EDS, HRSEM
and TEM showed that the nanoparticles have a lower crystallinity and exposes
some chemical compounds. This suggest that the nanoparticles could be better