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Solvothermal Synthesis of Mn3O4 as Anode Materials for Sodium-Ion
Batteries
Nurul Baziah Bt Abdul Manaf
Supervisor: Dr. Nurul Hayati Bt Idris
Bachelor of Applied Science (Electronics and Instrumentation Physics)
School of Ocean Engineering
Sodium-ion batteries(SIBs)are attracting considerable attention to be one of the
promising candidates as the alternatives to replace lithium-ion batteries.Currrently,
the research focuses on the electrode materials in order to explore high performance
SIBs.The potential of Mn3O4 is investigated since it possesses high theoretical specific
capacity of 937 mAhg -1 .Herein,Mn3O4 was synthesized through solvothermal
method.Commercial Mn3O4 has been used as a comparison to synthesized Mn3O4.
From X-Ray diffraction pattern,both samples exhibited pure phase Mn3O4 and no
impurities peaks were observed.Scanning electron microscope images shows that both
synthesis and commercial Mn3O4 were nanoparticles in size.Morphologies but expose
different average size which is the commercial have bigger diameter compared with
the synthesis.Synthesized Mn3O4 exhibited the highest discharge capacity (191 mAhg -
1 ) as compared to commercial Mn3O4(41 mAhg -1 )when the galvanostatic charge–
discharge at 0.1 C for 100 cycles.From these results,it shows that Mn3O4 with
nanoparticles morphologies have a potential to act as anode materials for SIBs.
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