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Toxicity Evaluation of Antifouling compound (2-Chloro-N-Methyl-
Maleimide) on Embryogenesis of Local Anabas testudineus
Nabilah Binti Mustafha
Supervisor: Dr. Suvik Assaw
Bachelor of Science (Marine Biology)
School of Marine and Environmental Sciences
Biofouling is the most serious problems affecting marine vessels. To solve this
problems, researchers tried to develop environmental friendly antifouling paint. The
compound 2-chloro-N-methyl-maleimide have high potential to be developed as
antifouling paints. To assess the risk of antifouling, fertilised Anabas testudineus eggs
were exposed to the compound 2-chloro-N-methyl-maleimide. By using microplate 96-
well, embryos were exposed to concentrations ranging from 0.047 to 25 nmol. At the
highest concentration (25 nmol) embryos mortality was 100% after 2 hours post
fertilization while at 1.5, 0.75 and 0.38 nmol showed no mortality and malformations
detected. After 24-h, 50% median lethal concentration (LC50) showed occurrence of
eggs’ malformations below the 50% inhibition concentration (IC50) values which was
9.95 nmol. Moreover, two lowest concentrations (0.094 and 0.047 nmol) found to
cause heart and notochord malformation. It is concluded that the compound (2-chloro-
N-methyl-maleimide) was toxic since it affects the early development of embryos in
climbing perch.
1809 | UMT UNDERGRADUATE RESEARCH DAY 2018