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O Estado oculto - Repositorio Institucional da USC - Universidade ...

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o franquismo producíronse claras manifestacións (as revistas Ecclesia e<br />

Cuadernos para el Diálogo 396 , por exemplo) de grupos que no futuro poderían<br />

constituír un partido democratacristián co apoio dun electorado que, mentres<br />

tanto, sostiña o réxime pasivamente. Os partidos burgueses e republicanos de<br />

ámbito nacional español xa non reaparecerían, pero a súa clientela podería ir<br />

cara a un partido democratacristián non demasiado clerical. “Inevitably, any<br />

party system in Spain will turn around two dominant tendencies, Socialism and<br />

Christian Democracy [...]. [...] If there is to be multiparty politics in Spain it will<br />

be between Socialists and Demo-Christians [...]”. 397 Linz (1973, 224) mesmo<br />

pensou en Joaquín Ruíz-Giménez como o posíbel líder “of the center faction of<br />

a European-style demochristian party”.<br />

Co paso do tempo, (Linz, 1997, 111) tivo que recoñecer que a súa<br />

predición (Linz, 1967 2 )<br />

led to some misunderstanding since, on the basis of the social structure of Spain and<br />

the patterns of political behaviour of Italians, I went out on a limb making a prediction of<br />

the vote for different parties in the future. In 1977, Christian Democracy, which in the<br />

early 1960s seemed about to become a major force, did not appear on the scene –<br />

although the votes I predicted for it went to a centre party (Unión del Centro<br />

Democrático) that occupied its space. 398<br />

En definitiva, o seu prognóstico foi un erro (Linz, 1980, 259): “Political,<br />

personal, generational, and regional cleavages [...] prevented the emergence of<br />

a united and well organized Christian democratic opposition ready to play a<br />

decisive role in the transition period”. Miguel Rodríguez (1993, 8-9) formula a<br />

hipótese de que Linz foi vítima <strong>da</strong> “revenge of the comparative method. For<br />

[Juan José Linz] the similarity between the Spanish and the Italian structure has<br />

been almost axiomatic. In general terms, the hypothesis is proven, but with the<br />

specific exception of the party system”. Nós pensamos que, do que realmente<br />

foi vítima Linz, foi <strong>da</strong>s ferramentas <strong>da</strong>s que sempre fixo uso, tira<strong>da</strong>s do<br />

repertorio canónico funcional-pluralista que axudou a construír e que se<br />

caracteriza polo seu carácter ahistórico e determinista. 399 Outros autores<br />

canónicos, como Hermet (1981, 435), foron quen de amosar unha menor<br />

rixidez á hora de aplicar os modelos dominantes: “on voit mal comment une<br />

253

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