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Kotler - Keller - Managementul Marketingului

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> Crearea capitalului mårcii < Capitolul 9 449

generalå de management, astfel încât acum fiecare categorie

de mårci este administratå de un manager de categorie,

cu responsabilitåÆi în planul volumului çi al profiturilor

realizate. Deçi acest nou tip de organizare nu-l înlocuieçte

pe cel de management al mårcilor, ajutå la dirijarea

mai preciså a concentrårii strategice, în funcÆie de

nevoile importante ale consumatorilor çi de concurenÆa

din categorie.

Açadar, poziÆia conducåtoare pe piaÆå a firmei P&G nu

se bazeazå doar pe faptul cå face bine un singur lucru, ci pe

faptul cå orchestreazå cu succes miriadele de factori care

garanteazå o asemenea poziÆie.

Întrebåri spre discuÆie

1. Care au fost factorii-cheie ai succesului pentru Procter &

Gamble?

2. Unde este vulnerabilå Procter & Gamble? Care sunt

pericolele de care trebuie så se påzeascå?

3. Ce recomandåri aÆi face directorilor superiori de marketing

ai firmei Procter & Gamble, pentru activitatea lor

în viitor? Ce anume ar trebui så fie ei siguri cå se va face,

în desfåçurarea activitåÆii de marketing?

Sursele: Melanie Wells, „Kid Nabbing“, Forbes, 2 februarie 2004, p.

84; P&G Fact Sheet, august 2003; „Chairman’s Address“, Annual

Shareholder Meeting, 14 octombrie 2003; Ed Tazzia, „What’s Entertaining?“,

Brandweek, 17 noiembrie 2003, p. 40; Noreen O’Leary,

„The New and Improved P&G“, Brandweek, 17 noiembrie 2003, p.

44; www.pg.com.

NOTE

1. Jefferson Graham, „Googley-eyed Over Success“, USA

Today, 27 august 2001; „How Good Is Google?“, The

Economist, 21 noiembrie 2003, pp. 57-58; Fred Vogelstein,

„Can Google Grow UP?“, Fortune, 8 decembrie

2003, pp. 102-111.

2. Interbrand Group, World’s Greatest Brands: An International

Review (New York: John Wiley, 1992).

3. Jacob Jacoby, Jerry C. Olson çi Rafael Haddock, „Price,

Brand Name, and Product Composition Characteristics

as Determinants of Perceived Quality“, Journal of Consumer

Research 3, no. 4, 1971, pp. 209-216; Jacob

Jacoby, George Szybillo çi Jacqueline Busato-Sehach,

„Information Acquisition Behavior in Brand Choice

Situations“, Journal of Marketing Research, 1977, pp.

63-69.

4. Leslie de Chernatony çi Gil McWilliam, „The Varying

Nature of Brands as Assets“, International Journal of

Advertising 8, no. 4, 1989, pp. 339-349.

5. Constance E. Bagley, Managers and the Legal Environment:

Strategies for the 21st Century, ediÆia a 2-a (Cincinnati,

OH: West Publishing, 1995).

6. Tulin Erdem, „Brand Equity as a Signaling

Phenomenon“, Journal of Consumer Psychology 7, no.

2, 1998, pp. 131-157.

7. Scott Davis, Brand Asset Management: Driving Profitable

Growth Through Your Brands (San Francisco:

Jossey-Bass, 2000); D. C. Bello çi M. B. Holbrook,

„Does an Absence of Brand Equity Generalize Across

Product Classes?“, Journal of Business Research 34,

1996, pp. 125-131; Mary W. Sullivan, „How Brand

Names Affect the Demand for Twin Automobiles“,

Journal of Marketing Research 35, 1998, pp. 154-165;

Adrian J. Slywotzky çi Benson P. Shapiro, „Leveraging

to Beat the Odds: The New Marketing Mindset“, Harvard

Business Review, septembrie-octombrie 1993, pp.

97-107.

8. Aplicarea mårcii îçi are înså criticii ei, din care unii resping

comercialismul asociat cu activitåÆile de aplicare a

mårcii. Vezi Naomi Klein, No Logo: Taking Aim at the

Brand Bullies (Picador, New York, NY 2000).

9. Charles Bymer, „Valuing Your Brands: Lessons from

Wall Street and the Impact on Marketers“, ARF Third

Annual Advertising and Promotion Workshop, 5-6 februarie

1991.

10. Kevin Lane Keller, „The Brand Report Card“, Harvard

Business Review, ianuarie-februarie 2000, pp. 147-157.

11. Alte abordåri se bazeazå pe principiile economice ale

semnalårii, de exemplu: Tulin Erdem, „Brand Equity as a

Signaling Phenomenon“, Journal of Consumer Psychology

7, no. 2, 1998, pp. 131-157; sau pe o perspectivå

mai pronunÆat sociologicå, antropologicå sau biologicå,

de exemplu: Grant McCracken, „Culture and Consumption:

A Theoretical Account of the Structure and

Movement of the Cultural Meaning of Consumer

Goods“, Journal of Consumer Research 13, 1986, pp.

71-83; sau Susan Fournier, „Consumers and Their

Brands: Developing Relationship Theory in Consumer

Research“, Journal of Consumer Research 24, no. 3,

1998, pp. 343-373.

12. David A. Aaker, Managing Brand Equity (New York:

Free Press, 1991); David A. Aaker, Building Strong

Brands (New York: Free Press, 1996); David A Aaker çi

Erich Joachimsthaler, Brand Leadership (New York:

Free Press, 2000); Keevin Lane Keller, Strategic Brand

Management, ediÆia a 2-a (Upper Saddle River, NJ:

Prentice Hall, 2003).

13. Jean-Noel Kapferer, Strategic Brand Management: New

Approaches to Creating and Evaluating Brand Equity

(London: Kogan Page, 1992), p. 38; Jennifer L. Aaker,

„Dimensions of Brand Personality“, Journal of Marketing

Research, august 1997, pp. 347-356; Davis, Brand

Asset Management: Driving Profitable Growth Through

Your Brands. Pentru o trecere în revistå a cercetårii

academice pe tema aplicårii mårcii, vezi Kevin Lane

Keller, „Branding and Brand Equity“, în Handbook of

Marketing, ediÆie coordonatå de Bart Weitz çi Robin

Wensley (London: Sage Publications, 2002), pp. 151-178.

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